双亚10号亚麻新品种的选育

双亚10号是以(78—97×奥尔沙)×(85—1832×FR2)复合杂交育成的,具有高纤、优质、抗旱、抗倒伏和抗病优点。区域试验每公顷原茎、长纤维和种子产量分别为6068.7kg、975.1kg和741.9kg,分别比对照品种黑亚7号增产6.6%、24.5%和18.4%。生产试验每公顷原茎、长纤维和种子产量分别为5326.1kg、861.0kg和449.1kg,分别比对照品种黑亚11号增产8.5%、23.7%和10.9%。长麻率20.6%、全麻率29.9%,纤维强度26.7kg。     

羊口疮病毒疫苗株与野毒株VIL-10基因的比较分析

试验旨在比较分析羊口疮病毒（orf virus,ORFV）VIL-10基因在疫苗株和野毒株之间的差异特征。参照GenBank中公布的ORFV NZ2株的VIL-10基因序列设计并合成1对特异性引物,分别以疫苗株和野毒株提取的基因组DNA为模板,采用PCR方法扩增ORFV的VIL-10基因全序列并进行测序,应用生物信息学相关软件分析基因的核苷酸、氨基酸变异情况及蛋白结构。结果显示,本试验测定的疫苗株和野毒株VIL-10基因核苷酸序列同源性为94.4%,差异主要是单个碱基的突变,其中疫苗株在132~134 bp核苷酸序列出现缺失;氨基酸序列同源性为92.5%,出现了15个氨基酸位点的突变,其中疫苗株第42位氨基酸天冬酰胺出现缺失;蛋白质在一级结构及理化性质、二级结构、三级结构、抗原表位参数及有无信号肽之间均存在一定程度的差异,而疫苗株和野毒株编码的蛋白质均无跨膜结构域。系统进化树分析结果表明,本试验测定的野毒株与疫苗株属于不同分支,遗传关系较远。研究结果提示,野毒株与疫苗株的VIL-10基因发生较明显的变异,这些变异可能与ORFV疫苗株的毒力致弱有关。     

Ac/Ds转座子及其作为插入序列标签的应用

简要介绍了Ac/Ds转座子作为插入序列标签的构建形式及其在植物基因组中的插入特点、影响Ds转座子跳跃的因素,并且对其在植物功能基因组的发展前景作了分析。     

不同遮荫度对柱花草10^#生长和光合特性的影响

研究了不同遮荫度（O％,50％,75%）和遮荫期限（60d,120d）对柱花草10^#光合特性和生长的影响。结果表明：短期遮荫（60d）导致叶片的光合速率和蒸腾速率下降,水分利用率WUE增加,植物量和根冠比减小,并且759／6遮荫处理与对照之间出现显著的差异（P〈O．05）,遮荫使叶片含水量、叶绿素含量显著增加,75％遮荫与对照有显著差异（P〈O．05）。长期遮荫（120d）使75％处理的叶绿素总量降低,植株高度、分蘖数比对照显著降低（P〈O．05）,叶片含水量的变化却不显著。     

郑州市数码公园不同植物群落对PM2.5和PM10浓度的影响研究

以郑州市数码公园为例,研究不同植物群落对大气颗粒物污染的影响。2020年4月—2021年3月,监测郑州市数码公园内不同植物群落结构（乔灌草、乔草、乔灌、灌草、草坪）在春夏秋冬四季的PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度以及温度、湿度和风速等气象因子,分析不同植物群落PM_2.5、PM₁₀浓度的变化规律,并研究其与气象因子的相关性。研究结果表明,不同样地内PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度日变化基本一致,呈早高晚低趋势。不同样地内PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度均表现为秋冬季高,春夏季低;PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度高低依次为草坪和广场样地＞灌草和乔草结构样地＞乔灌草和乔灌结构样地;复合群落结构绿地对颗粒物滞尘能力大于单一群落结构。乔灌草、乔灌结构样地对PM_2.5和PM₁₀的阻滞率较高。PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度与温度、相对湿度、风速等气象因子间呈不同相关性,PM_2.5浓度与各气象因子的相关性高于PM₁₀浓度。由于数码公园为紧邻城市道路的开放公园,适宜种植郁闭度较高、以常绿树种为主的植物群落类型。     

Effects of Wnt10b on dermal papilla cells via the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway in the Angora rabbit

Wnt10b is a member of Wnt family that plays a variety of roles in biological functions, including those in the development of hair follicles. To investigate the effect of Wnt10b on hair growth in the Angora rabbit and to determine the underlying molecular mechanism, we cultured dermal papilla (DP) cells with exogenous Wnt10b in vitro. We observed the expressions of downstream critical gene β‐catenin and lymphoid enhancer‐binding factor 1 (LEF1) in Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. The levels of β‐catenin mRNA and protein were higher in the Wnt10b group of DP cells than in the Control group, and the mRNA level of LEF1 in the Wnt10b group was higher than in the Control group. Moreover, translocation of β‐catenin from cytoplasm to nucleus was activated in the Wnt10b group. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of the hair follicle‐regulatory genes, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the protein activity of ALP was also upregulated in the Wnt10b group compared to their corresponding levels in the Control group. These data suggest that Wnt10b could activate the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway to induce DP cells in the Angora rabbit. In addition, the proliferation of DP cells was significantly promoted when cultured with Wnt10b for 48 and 72 hr, suggesting that Wnt10b plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and maintenance of DP cells in vitro. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Wnt10b may promote hair follicle growth in Angora rabbit through the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway that promotes the proliferation of DP cells.     

Fibroblast growth factor-10 maintains the survival and promotes the growth of cultured goat preantral follicles

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor-10 (FGF-10) on the survival, activation (transition from primordial to primary follicles), and growth of goat preantral follicles cultured in vitro. Pieces of ovarian cortex were cultured for 1 and 7 d in the absence or presence of FGF-10 (0, 1, 10, 50, 100, and 200 ng/mL). Noncultured and cultured tissues were processed and analyzed by histology, transmission electron microscopy, and viability testing. Results showed that after 7 d, a greater percentage (79.9%) of morphologically normal follicles (containing an oocyte with regular shape and uniform cytoplasm, and organized layers of granulosa cells without a pyknotic nucleus) was observed when cultured with 50 ng/mL of FGF-10 when compared with other concentrations of FGF-10 (0 ng/mL, 67.3%; 1 ng/mL, 68.2%; 10 ng/mL, 63.3%; 100 ng/mL, 64.4%; 200 ng/mL, 52.7%). Ultrastructural analyses and viability testing using fluorescent markers confirmed the follicular integrity of FGF-10 (50 ng/mL)-treated fragments after 7 d of culture. After 7 d, all FGF-10 concentrations reduced the percentage of primordial follicles and increased the percentage of developing follicles. In the presence of 50 ng/mL of FGF-10, follicles increased in diameter after 7 d of culture when compared with other concentrations tested. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that FGF-10 maintains the morphological integrity of goat preantral follicles and stimulates the growth of activated follicles in culture. The culture conditions identified here contribute to the understanding of the factors involved in goat early follicular development.     

四种牛分枝杆菌特异性蛋白融合表达及在牛结核病诊断中的临床应用

以原核表达的MPB70-MPB83-CFP10-ESAT-6融合蛋白作为诊断抗原,建立牛结核病抗体检测间接ELISA(iELISA)。该iELISA与导致常见牛病的非相关抗原无交叉反应。用iELISA检测90份健康牛血清,确定样本阴阳性临界值(S/P)为0.17。与商品化胶体金试剂条(ICG)平行检测150份临床奶牛血清样本,结果与ICG的符合率为93.33%(140/150)。以结核菌素皮内试验(TST)为参考方法,检测了华中地区四个奶牛场的560头中国荷斯坦奶牛和90份进口奶牛结核阴性血清,结果iELISA与TST的总符合率为87.32%(489/560)。对其中22头奶牛进行鼻拭子分菌检验,4头分菌阳性奶牛的血清抗体检测也为阳性,iELISA与细菌培养的总符合率为77.27%(17/22)。以TST为参考方法,iELISA的敏感性和特异性分别为72.37%和89.67%。